Veille documentaire MTPH

Auteur     Mari S Machi
Auteur     Matthew Staum
Auteur     Clifton W Callaway
Auteur     Charity Moore
Auteur     Kwonho Jeong
Auteur     Joe Suyama
Auteur     P Daniel Patterson
Auteur     David Hostler
Résumé     OBJECTIVES The 24-hour physician coverage of the emergency department (ED) requires shift work, which can result in desynchronosis and cognitive decline. We measured changes in cognition and sleep disturbance in attending emergency physicians (EPs) before and after day and overnight shifts. METHODS Thirteen EPs were tested before and after day and overnight shifts using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), the University of Southern California Repeatable Episodic Memory Test (REMT), the Trail Making Test (TMT), and the Stroop Color-Word Test. Sleep quality and fatigue were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire (CFQ). Saliva samples were collected from each physician immediately before and after day shifts and night shifts for neurohormonal assays. RESULTS Significantly fewer words were recalled on the REMT after both day (-2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -4.4 to -0.4) and overnight shifts (-4.6, 95% CI = -6.4 to -2.8). There was a significant postshift increase in words recalled from the last third of the REMT list after overnight shifts (6.6, 95% CI = 2.8 to 10.4). Sleep quality was worse in EPs (mean PSQI = 4.8, SD ± 2.5) compared to the normal population, with 31% of subjects reporting poor sleep quality. Postshift fatigue was correlated with the perceived difficulty of the shift. Salivary cortisol and melatonin demonstrated diurnal variation consistent with normal circadian rhythms. Morning cortisol peak was decreased or delayed in samples from physicians after a night shift. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that short-term memory appears to decline after day and overnight shifts and confirms the high incidence of disturbed sleep in this population.
Publication     Academic emergency medicine: official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Volume     19
Numéro     1
Pages     85-91
Date     Jan 2012