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The hazards of nursing work can impair health both acutely and in the long term. These health outcomes include musculoskeletal injuries/disorders, other injuries, infections, changes in mental health, and in the longer term, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases. In this chapter we will present major research findings that link common work stressors and hazards to selected health outcomes. These stressors include aspects of the way work is organized in nursing (e.g., shift work, long hours, and overtime) and psychological job demands, such as work pace. In addition, aspects of direct care work that influence nurse safety will be discussed, including the impact of physical job demands such as patient lifting and awkward postures, protective devices to prevent needlesticks, chemical occupational exposures, and potential for violence. Where possible, interventions that have demonstrated effectiveness to reduce the risk of illness and injury will be presented, as well as gaps in knowledge that can spur new lines of research inquiry.
Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses.
Hughes RG, editor.
Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Apr.