1. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2009 Nov 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Mini-invasive nail versus DHS to fix pertrochanteric fractures: A case-control
study.
Foulongne E, Gilleron M, Roussignol X, Lenoble E, Dujardin F.
Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Rouen
University Hospital Center, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
BACKGROUND: Fixation devices to treat trochanteric fractures belong to two
general categories: dynamic hip screw (DHS) type and intramedullary type
implants. In spite of possible pitfalls, both are considered valid options.
Comparing a sliding screw-plate system (DHS) along a mini-invasive nailing device
(BCM nail) with primary insertion of the cephalic screw, sheds light on the
debated management of trochanteric fractures. HYPOTHESIS: Due to its design, the
BCM nailing system allows a stable internal fixation and promotes enhanced
postoperative functional recovery. OBJECTIVES: To test this hypothesis in a
comparative prospective case-control study using the DHS screw-plate as a
reference. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups of 30 patients, older than 60 years
old, with trochanteric fractures were included in this study. The screw-plates
were placed according to the standard method. Regarding the nailing system, the
cephalic screw was positioned first, then the nail was inserted through the screw
via a mini-invasive approach and locked distally using a bicortical screw.
Comparison between the two groups was based on (1) operative data: operating
time, intra- and postoperative blood loss; (2) immediate postoperative course:
complications, length of hospital stay, delay to sitting in a wheelchair; (3) the
postdischarge evolution: weightbearing, readmission to hospital; (4) functional
outcomes: recovery and mobility; (5) anatomical outcomes: restitution and bone
healing. RESULTS: The operating time (54+/-8.8min vs 59+/-13.8min) and
intraoperative (1.37+/-0.98 vs 1.90+/-1.43) and at Day 3 (1.25+/-1.05 vs
1.82+/-1.5) blood loss (haemoglobin loss), were favourable to the screw-plate
subgroup (p<0.05). The delay to sitting in a wheelchair (4.76+/-1.53d vs
4+/-1.44d) was favourable to the nail subgroup (p<0.05). There was a higher
incidence of secondary displacements in the screw-plate subgroup (3/26 [11.5%] vs
0/25 [0%]) (p<0.05). The screw-plate subgroup demonstrated a poorer healing rate
at 3 months (88% vs 100%) (p<0.05). Regarding functional recovery, a lesser
decrease in the Parker score was observed in the nail subgroup at 3 postoperative
months (2.42+/-2.3 vs 1.52+/-1.44) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study has shown the
benefits of the BCM nail in terms of stability. But the potential advantages of
this mini-invasive technique were limited by ancillary-related difficulties which
need to be rectified. These preliminary results are in favour of a further
development of this innovating device. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III. Case-report
study.
PMID: 19945367 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
2. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009 Nov 25. [Epub ahead of print]
Fertility after pelvic arterial embolization, stepwise uterine devascularization,
hypogastric artery ligation, and B-Lynch suture to control postpartum hemorrhage.
Sentilhes L, Gromez A, Marpeau L.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rouen University Hospital, Charles
Nicolle, Rouen, France; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Angers
University Hospital, Angers, France.
PMID: 19944415 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
3. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2009 Nov 24. [Epub ahead of print]
[Refusal of care in the intensive care: How makes decision?]
[Article in French]
Borel M, Veber B, Villette-Baron K, Hariri S, Dureuil B, Hervé C.
Département d'anesthésie-réanimation-Samu, CHU Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue Germont,
76000 Rouen, France; Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et de médecine légale,
université Paris-Descartes, 45, rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
OBJECTIVES: Decision-making bringing to an admission or not in intensive care is
complex. The aim of this study is to analyze with an ethical point of view the
making decision process leading to the refusal and its consequences. It is
proposed a setting in prospect through the principles of beneficence,
non-maleficience, respect for autonomy, justice, and the Leonetti law. PATIENTS
AND METHODS: Prospective study in surgical reanimation at the University Hospital
of Rouen over 9 months (November 2007-September 2008). Systematic collection for
each non-admitted patient of the general characters, the methods of decision
making, immediate becoming and within 48h Constitution of two groups: patients
for whom an admission in intensive care could be an unreasonable situation of
obstinacy, and patients for whom an admission in reanimation would not be about
unreasonable if it occurred. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty situations were
analyzed. The potentially unreasonable character of an admission does not involve
necessarily a refusal of care in intensive care. The question of the lack of
place and equity in the access to the care is real but relative according to the
typology of the patients. The research of the respect of the autonomy of the
patient is difficult but could be facilitated. The Leonetti law does not appear
to be able to be a framework with the situation of refusal of care in intensive
care. CONCLUSION: It is not a question of going towards a systematic admission in
intensive care of any patient proposed, but to make sure that so if there is a
refusal, it is carried out according to a step ethically acceptable.
PMID: 19942395 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
4. Pathol Biol (Paris). 2009 Nov 24. [Epub ahead of print]
[Genetics of mental retardation.]
[Article in French]
Goldenberg A, Saugier-Veber P.
Service de génétique, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France;
Inserm U614, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, université de Rouen, 76183
Rouen, France.
Mental retardation affects nearly 3 % of the population. The causes of these
disorders are various and are often not identified. Recent advances focused on
the molecular basis of mental retardation. Nearly half of mental retardation
syndromes have a genetic origin and the description of molecular, cytogenetic and
metabolic alterations in these disorders led to the development of diagnostic
tools. Indeed, identifying the precise origin of the mental retardation allows to
improve patient care and to refine the prognosis. Moreover, these molecular tools
will help the geneticist to evaluate the recurrence risk in the family in the
genetic counseling step. On a fundamental point of view, the knowledge of
molecular basis of mental retardation will help to understand the biological
pathway which constitutes the first step before therapeutic strategies. Every
patient with mental retardation should be investigated for causal origin of the
disease. We will detail the diagnostic methods necessary to investigate a patient
presenting with mental retardation. Then different examples of syndromes
including a mental retardation will be chosen to illustrate different clinical
situations.
PMID: 19942372 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
5. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2009 Nov 1;67(6):669-671.
[Propositions for the standardized expression of HbA 1c results.]
[Article in French]
Gillery P, Périer C, Bordas-Fonfrède M, Hue G, Chapelle JP, Vexiau P, Vialettes
B.
Laboratoire de biologie et de recherche pédiatriques, American Memorial Hospital,
Centre hospitalier universitaire de Reims, Laboratoire de biochimie, Hôpital
Nord, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Laboratoire de biochimie
métabolique, Pôle de biologie médicale, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière,
Paris, Laboratoire de biochimie médicale, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Centre
hospitalier universitaire de Rouen, Département de biologie clinique, Centre
hospitalier universitaire de Liège, Belgique, Service d'endocrinologie, Hôpital
Saint-Louis, Groupement hospitalier universitaire Nord, Paris, Service de
nutrition-maladies métaboliques et endocrinologie, Hôpital de la Timone
(adultes), Marseille, Groupe de veille "Standardisation des dosages d'Hb glyquée"
de la Société française de biologie clinique, Société francophone de
diabétologie, Association française des diabétiques.
The 2007 international consensus about the standardization of HbA(1c)
determination and expression of results is progressively implemented in most
countries. In France, a common working group of the Société française de biologie
clinique (SFBC) and the Société francophone de diabétologie (SFD) has expressed
the following recommendations. HbA(1c) results are expressed in percentage of
total hemoglobin and in mmol HbA(1c)/mol Hb, but are not converted into estimated
average glucose. A table indicating the correspondence between HbA(1c) and
estimated average glucose may be given with the results, subject to precautions
of interpretation at the individual level.
PMID: 19939770 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
6. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2009 Nov 1;67(6):641-649.
[Standard protocol for evaluating the impact of preanalytical variables on
peptidic and proteic analytes and standard coding of preanalytical procedures.]
[Article in French]
Betsou F, Beaudeux JL, Berthelaix A, Borg J, Dupuy A, Lizard G, Peoc'h K,
Quillard M, Lehmann S.
Biobanque de Picardie, Centre hospitalier universitaire d'Amiens, Saleux, Service
de biochimie, Hôpital Charles Foix (APHP), Ivry-sur-Seine, Service de pathologie
cellulaire et tissulaire, CHU d'Angers, Groupe de recherche PPEH EA 3062, Faculté
de médecine, Saint-Etienne, Laboratoire de biochimie, Hôpital Lapeyronie,
Montpellier, Equipe biochimie métabolique et nutritionnelle, Faculté des sciences
Gabriel, Inserm U866, Dijon, Service de biochimie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris,
Laboratoire de biochimie médicale, CHU de Rouen, Laboratoire de biochimie,
Hôpital Saint Eloi, CHRU de Montpellier.
The SFBC Working Group on << Preanalytics and multiplex analyses in proteomics >>
is presenting a protocol which will allow harmonization of biospecimen research
studies on the impact of different preanalytical variations on peptidic and
protein analytes. This protocol is based upon standardization of preanalytical
options corresponding to different preanalytical variations and different types
of biospecimens (serum, plasma, cedrebrospinal fluid and urine). Application of
this protocol will allow, not only harmonization of Biospecimen research, but
also elaboration of standard nomenclature of the preanalytical steps.
PMID: 19939767 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
7. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2009 Nov 1;67(6):629-639.
[Preanalytical guidelines for clinical proteomics investigation of biological
fluids.]
[Article in French]
Lehmann S, Roche S, Allory Y, Barthelaix A, Beaudeux JL, Berger F, Betsou F, Borg
J, Dupuy A, Garin J, Quillard M, Lizard G, Peoc'h K, Riviere M, Ducoroy P.
CHRU de Montpellier, Laboratoire de biochimie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier,
Département de pathologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, Service de pathologie
cellulaire et tissulaire, CHU d'Angers, Service de biochimie, Hôpital
universitaire Charles Foix (APHP), Ivry-sur-Seine, Inserm Unité 318, CHU Albert
Michallon, Grenoble, Biobanque de Picardie, Saleux, Laboratoire de biochimie,
Faculté de médecine, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Laboratoire de biochimie, Hôpital
Lapeyronie, CHRU de Montpellier, iRSTV/EDyP, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, Laboratoire
de biochimie médicale, CHU de Rouen 1, Equipe biochimie métabolique et
nutritionnelle, Faculté des sciences Gabriel, Inserm U866, Dijon, Service de
biochimie et biologie moléculaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, UMR 5089,
Toulouse, CLIPP, Dijon, * Ces recommandations reflètent l'opinion des
participants au projet << Protéomique des fluides biologiques et cancer >> et
n'engagent en aucun cas la responsabilité de l'INCa.
Research of new diagnosis or prognosis biomarkers is a major challenge for the
management of patients with complex pathologies like cancer. Clinical proteomics
is one of the recent approaches to identify these biomarkers in biological
fluids. Over the last five years, many problems related to the variability and
the quality control of these analyses have been observed. This was notably
related to the different preanalytical status of each sample. A strong need for
standardization of the critical preanalytical phases (collection, transport,
processing, storage...) has been therefore recognized. With this goal in mind,
working groups of the "Institut national du cancer" (INCa) and the "Société
française de biologie clinique" (SFBC) proposed here preanalytical proteomics
guidelines for the most common biological fluids: plasma, serum, urine and
cerebrospinal fluid. To goal is to provide the basis for the harmonization of the
procedures in clinical laboratories and biobanks to allow an optimal use of
biological collections.
PMID: 19939766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
8. Presse Med. 2009 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print]
[Mallory-Weiss syndrome: diagnosis and treatment.]
[Article in French]
Lecleire S, Antonietti M, Ducrotté P.
Unité d'endoscopie digestive, Département d'hépato-gastroentérologie et
nutrition, ADEN EA 4311, CHU de Rouen, F-76031 Rouen Cedex, France.
Mallory-Weiss syndrome is relatively common and is involved in 3 to 10% of cases
of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Most of the time, the hemorrhage is mild and
stops spontaneously. Clinical suspicion requires confirmation by an upper
gastrointestinal endoscopy, which must be performed rapidly after the first
hematemesis. Mallory-Weiss syndrome is diagnosed when it shows a longitudinal
mucosal tear at the esophagogastric junction. Patients with active bleeding or
signs of recent bleeding at endoscopy need immediate endoscopic treatment for
hemostasis. Band ligation seems to be the most efficient procedure for primary
hemostasis and for preventing recurrent bleeding. The use of proton pump
inhibitors and antiemetics seems logical in all cases, although nothing in the
literature demonstrates their efficacy.
PMID: 19931377 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
9. Osteoporos Int. 2009 Nov 17. [Epub ahead of print]
Treatment of osteoporosis: recognizing and managing cutaneous adverse reactions
and drug-induced hypersensitivity.
Musette P, Brandi ML, Cacoub P, Kaufman JM, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY.
Department of Dermatology and INSERM Unit 905, Charles Nicolle University
Hospital, Rouen, France.
Cutaneous adverse reactions are reported for many treatments including
antiosteoporotic agents. This position paper includes an algorithm for their
recognition. With early recognition and proper management, including immediate
and permanent withdrawal of the culprit agent, accompanied by hospitalization,
rehydration, and systemic corticosteroids, if necessary, the prognosis is good.
INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous adverse reactions are reported for many therapeutic
agents and observed in between 0% and 8% of treated patients depending on the
drug. The antiosteoporotic agents are reputed to be safe in terms of cutaneous
effects; however, there have been a number of case reports of cutaneous adverse
reactions, which merit consideration. This was the subject of a Working Group
meeting of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis
and Osteoarthritis in April 2009, to focus on the impact of cutaneous adverse
reactions and drug-induced hypersensitivity in the management of postmenopausal
osteoporosis. We prepared this position paper following these discussions, and
include an algorithm for their recognition. METHODS: We reviewed cutaneous
adverse reactions observed with antiosteoporotic agents, including information
from case reports, regulatory documents, and pharmacovigilance. RESULTS: The
cutaneous adverse reactions range from benign reactions including exanthematous
or maculopapular eruption (drug rash), photosensitivity, and urticaria to the
severe and potentially life-threatening reactions, angioedema, drug rash with
eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens Johnson syndrome (SJS), and
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Review of available evidence shows that
cutaneous adverse reactions occur with all commonly used antiosteoporotic agents.
Notably, there are reports of SJS and TEN for bisphosphonates, and of DRESS and
TEN for strontium ranelate. These severe reactions remain very rare (<1 in 10,000
cases). CONCLUSION: With early recognition and proper management, including
immediate and permanent withdrawal of the culprit agent, accompanied by
hospitalization and rehydration and systemic corticosteroids if necessary, the
prognosis is good.
PMID: 19921087 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
10. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Nov 13. [Epub ahead of print]
ACTH-Independent Cushing's Syndrome with Bilateral Micronodular Adrenal
Hyperplasia and Ectopic Adrenocortical Adenoma.
Louiset E, Gobet F, Libé R, Horvath A, Renouf S, Cariou J, Rothenbuhler A,
Bertherat J, Clauser E, Grise P, Stratakis CA, Kuhn JM, Lefebvre H.
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité
982/Equipe Associée 4310, Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine
Differentiation and Communication (E.L., S.R., J.-M.K., H.L.), Institut Fédératif
de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides 23, University of Rouen, 76821
Mont-Saint-Aignan, France; Department of Pathology (F.G.), University Hospital of
Rouen, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, 76031 Rouen,
France; INSERM U567, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de
Recherche 8104, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of
Endocrinology-Metabolism-Cancer (R.L., J.B.), Institut Cochin, Université Paris
V-René Descartes, 75014 Paris, France; Section on Endocrinology and Genetics,
Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (A.H., A.R., C.A.S.),
National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892;
Oncogenetics Unit (E.C.), Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France; and Departments
of Urology (J.C., P.G.) and Endocrinology (J.-M.K., H.L.), University Hospital of
Rouen, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, 76031 Rouen,
France.
Context: Bilateral micronodular adrenal hyperplasia and ectopic adrenocortical
adenoma are two rare causes of ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome. Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate a 35-yr-old woman with ACTH-independent
hypercortisolism associated with both micronodular adrenal hyperplasia and
ectopic pararenal adrenocortical adenoma. Design and Setting: In vivo and in
vitro studies were performed in a University Hospital Department and academic
research laboratories. Intervention: Mutations of the PRKAR1A, PDE8B, and PDE11A
genes were searched for in leukocytes and adrenocortical tissues. The ability of
adrenal and adenoma tissues to synthesize cortisol was investigated by
immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR, and/or cell culture studies. Main Outcome
Measure: Detection of 17alpha-hydroxylase and 21-hydroxylase immunoreactivities,
quantification of CYP11B1 mRNA in adrenal and adenoma tissues, and measurement of
cortisol levels in supernatants by radioimmunological assays were the main
outcomes. Results: Histological examination of the adrenals revealed nonpigmented
micronodular cortical hyperplasia associated with relative atrophy of
internodular cortex. No genomic and/or somatic adrenal mutations of the PRKAR1A,
PDE8B, and PDE11A genes were detected. 17alpha-Hydroxylase and 21-hydroxylase
immunoreactivities as well as CYP11B1 mRNA were detected in adrenal and adenoma
tissues. ACTH and dexamethasone activated cortisol secretion from adenoma cells.
The stimulatory action of dexamethasone was mediated by a nongenomic effect
involving the protein kinase A pathway. Conclusion: This case suggests that
unknown molecular defects can favor both micronodular adrenal hyperplasia and
ectopic adrenocortical adenoma associated with Cushing's syndrome.
PMID: 19915020 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
11. Urology. 2009 Nov 12. [Epub ahead of print]
Testicular Metastasis of Prostatic Cancer.
Smaali C, Gobet F, Dugardin F, Pfister C.
Department of Urology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Cedex, France.
Secondary testicular tumors are rare, we report a case of a solitary testicular
metastasis of prostate cancer in 58-year-old man treated using hormonal therapy
associated with radiotherapy. Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice, but
metastasis might be difficult to differentiate from primary tumors. The diagnosis
confirmed by histologic examination includes routine microscopic and
immunohistochemical findings, and therefore systemic treatment was required.
PMID: 19913885 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
12. Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Nov 13. [Epub ahead of print]
A Diet Containing Whey Protein, Glutamine, and TGFbeta Modulates Gut Protein
Metabolism During Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis in Rats.
Boukhettala N, Ibrahim A, Claeyssens S, Faure M, Le Pessot F, Vuichoud J,
Lavoinne A, Breuillé D, Déchelotte P, Coëffier M.
ADEN EA4311 Institute for Biomedical Research and European Institute for Peptide
Research (IFRMP23), Rouen University, 22 boulevard Gambetta, 76183, Rouen cedex
1, France.
BACKGROUND: Mucositis, a common side effect of chemotherapy, is characterized by
compromised digestive function, barrier integrity and immune competence. AIMS:
Our aim was to evaluate the impact of a specifically designed diet Clinutren
Protect((R)) (CP), which contains whey proteins, TGFbeta-rich casein, and free
glutamine, on mucositis in rats. METHODS: Mucositis was induced by three
consecutive injections (day 0, day 1, day 2) of methotrexate (2.5 mg/kg). Rats
had free access to CP or placebo diets from days -7 to 9. In the placebo diet,
whey proteins and TGFbeta-rich casein were replaced by TGFbeta-free casein and
glutamine by alanine. Intestinal parameters were assessed at day 3 and 9. Values,
expressed as mean +/- SEM, were compared using two-way ANOVA. RESULTS: At day 3,
villus height was markedly decreased in the placebo (296 +/- 11 mum) and CP
groups (360 +/- 10 mum) compared with controls (464 +/- 27 mum), but more
markedly in the placebo as compared to CP group. The intestinal damage score was
also reduced in the CP compared with the placebo group. Glutathione content
increased in the CP compared with the placebo group (2.2 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.7 +/- 0.2
mumol/g tissue). Gut protein metabolism was more affected in the placebo than in
the CP group. The fractional synthesis rate was decreased in the placebo group
(93.8 +/- 4.9%/day) compared with controls (121.5 +/- 12.1, P < 0.05), but not in
the CP group (106.0 +/- 13.1). In addition, at day 9, rats exhibited improved
body weight and food intake recovery in the CP compared to the placebo group.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinutren Protect((R)) feeding reduces intestinal injury in the
acute phase of methotrexate-induced mucositis in rats and improves recovery.
PMID: 19911274 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
13. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2009 Nov 10;28(5):413-418. [Epub ahead of print]
Relevant Category-Specific Effect on Naming in Alzheimer's Disease.
Martinaud O, Opolczynski G, Gaillard MJ, Hannequin D.
Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, France.
Aim: To determine category effect on naming in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its
relation with severity of the disease or naming deficit. Methods: A group of 50
patients suffering from probable AD was tested in a naming task involving 99
pictures of items belonging to living and non-living categories. Parameters
relating to pictures (percentage of majority responses, familiarity, visual
complexity and image agreement) were determined using a control group and
parameters relating to words (frequency, age of acquisition, number of letters
and syllables) were controlled. Results: A category-specific effect was
demonstrated and individual stepwise logistic regression demonstrated a
significant category effect in 9 cases (living items more failed than
non-living). Conclusion: Our results suggest a categorical effect on naming in
favor of the non-living items, especially for mild AD with predominant naming
deficit. Copyright © 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
PMID: 19907177 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
14. J Virol. 2009 Nov 11. [Epub ahead of print]
Molecular Epidemiology of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Wild-living
Gorillas.
Neel C, Etienne L, Li Y, Takehisa J, Rudicell RS, Ndong I, Moudindo J, Mebenga A,
Esteban A, Van Heuverswyn F, Liegeois F, Kranzusch PJ, Walsh PD, Sanz CM, Morgan
DB, Ndjango JB, Plantier JC, Locatelli S, Gonder MK, Leendertz FH, Boesch C, Todd
A, Delaporte E, Mpoudi Ngole E, Hahn BH, Peeters M.
UMR145, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) and University of
Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France; Projet Prevention du Sida ou Cameroun
(PRESICA), Yaoundé, Cameroun; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology,
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of
America; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States of America; VaccinApe,
Bethesda, United States of America; Department of Anthropology, Washington
University, Saint Louis, MO 63130, United States of America; Faculties of
Sciences, University of Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo; Laboratoire
associé au Centre National de Référence du VIH, CHU Charles Nicolle et Université
de Rouen, Rouen, France; Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany,
State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, United States of America; Robert
Koch-Institut, Center for Biological Safety, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck
Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany; WWF, Dzanga Sangha
Project, Bangui, Central African Republic.
Chimpanzees and gorillas are the only non-human primates known to harbor viruses
closely related to HIV-1. Phylogenetic analyses showed that gorillas acquired
SIVgor from chimpanzees and viruses from the SIVcpz/SIVgor lineage have been
transmitted to humans on at least 4 occasions leading to HIV-1 groups M, N, O and
P. To determine the geographic distribution, prevalence and species association
of SIVgor, we conducted a comprehensive molecular epidemiological survey of wild
gorillas in Central Africa. Gorilla faecal samples were collected in the home
range of western lowland gorillas (n=2367) and eastern Grauer gorillas (n=183),
and tested for SIVgor specific antibodies and nucleic acids. SIVgor antibody
positive samples were identified at two sites in Cameroon, with no evidence of
infection at 19 other sites, including three in the range of the eastern
gorillas. In Cameroon, based on DNA and microsatellite analyses of a subset of
samples, we estimated the prevalence of SIVgor to be 1.6% (range 0% to 4.6%)
which is significantly lower than the prevalence of SIVcpzPtt in chimpanzees
(5.9% ; range 0% to 32%). All newly identified SIVgor strains formed a
monophyletic lineage within the SIVcpz radiation, closely related to HIV-1 group
O and P, and clustered according to their field site of origin. At one site,
there was evidence for intergroup transmission and high intra-group prevalence.
These isolated hot-spots of SIVgor infected gorilla communities could serve as a
source for human infection. The overall low prevalence and sporadic distribution
of SIVgor could suggest a decline of SIVgor in wild populations but it cannot be
excluded that SIVgor is still more prevalent in other parts of the home range of
gorillas.
PMID: 19906908 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
15. Presse Med. 2009 Nov 5. [Epub ahead of print]
[Oral ulcerations...]
[Article in French]
Leblanc C, Lahaxe L, Girszyn N, Levesque H, Marie I.
Département de médecine interne, CHU Rouen, F-76031 Rouen Cedex, France.
PMID: 19896794 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
16. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2009 Nov;17(6):444-7.
Obsessive compulsive disorder as a cause of atypical eating disorder: a case
report.
Garcia FD, Houy-Durand E, Thibaut F, Dechelotte P.
Nutrition Unit, Biomedical Research Institute EA 4311, Rouen University Hospital,
France. frederico.garcia@chu-rouen.fr
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of an atypical eating disorder with a diagnosis of
obsessive-compulsive disorder and discuss the phenomenological and
neurobiological aspects links between the disorders. CASE: a 20-year-old
Caucasian woman presented with obsessive-compulsive disorder followed by altered
eating habits with major weight loss and amenorrhea. The medical workup,
treatment and outcome are described. Using cognitive-behavioural therapy,
clomipramine and enteral nutrition, weight gain and disappearance of restrictive
and obsessive-compulsive behaviours were obtained. CONCLUSION: Available evidence
in the literature suggests a continuum in eating disorder and obsessive
compulsive disorder. Our case illustrates that an obsessive-compulsive disorder
may precede or precipitate the development of an eating disorder and highlights
the importance of a precise differential diagnosis in eating disorders clinics.
PMID: 19851993 [PubMed - in process]
17. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2009 Nov;35(6):461-5. Epub 2009 Oct 9.
Fate of abstracts presented at an International Commission on Occupational Health
(ICOH) congress--followed by publication in peer-reviewed journals?
Rollin L, Darmoni S, Caillard JF, Gehanno JF.
Institute of Occupational Health, Rouen University Hospital and University of
Rouen, Rouen, France. laetitia.rollin@chu-rouen.fr.
OBJECTIVES: Presentations at international meetings offer an excellent way to
disseminate current research findings. One measure of the quality of research is
its subsequent publication. Our study aimed to determine the publication rate of
abstracts presented at a congress of the International Commission of Occupational
Health (ICOH), and to identify predictive factors of publication and differences
between presented abstracts and -subsequently published papers. METHODS: We
identified a random sample of 318 abstracts presented at the 2000 ICOH meeting
from the book of abstracts. Using Medline and Embase, we assessed their
publication rate in the period ranging from 1998 to 2006 and investigated the
factors associated with publication rate. RESULTS: Of 318 abstracts originating
from 51 countries, 105 articles [33%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 27-38)]
were subsequently published in 67 journals indexed in Medline or Embase. Mean
time to publication was 17 months (95% CI 13-21). Multivariate analysis revealed
that abstracts with quantitative data and written by authors originating from
developed countries were significantly more published. From the time of abstract
presentation to publication in a peer-reviewed journal, both the study sample
size and the first author frequently changed (respectively 25% and 29%), but the
overall conclusions remained stable, except in one case. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the
abstracts presented at the 2000 ICOH congress were not subsequently published as
full research reports. If this is the case for most abstracts submitted to
conferences, this may limit the ability of a reader to judge the validity,
reliability, and generalizability of the research presented. Caution is advised
when referencing or generalizing from abstracts that have not been subsequently
published in full.
PMID: 19851699 [PubMed - in process]
18. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2009 Nov 14;11(42):9729-37. Epub 2009 Aug 24.
Spin-coated and PECVD low dielectric constant porous organosilicate films studied
by 1D and 2D solid-state NMR.
Gerbaud G, Hediger S, Bardet M, Favennec L, Zenasni A, Beynet J, Gourhant O,
Jousseaume V.
CEA, INAC, SCIB (UMR-E3 UJF/CEA and FRE 3200 CNRS/CEA), Laboratoire de Résonances
Magnétiques, F-38054 Grenoble, France. guillaume.gerbaud@cea.fr
In the research field of the sub-65 nm semiconductor industry, organosilicate
SiOCH films with low dielectric constant (k < 2.4) need to be developed in order
to improve the performance of integrated circuits [International Roadmap for
Semiconductors (ITRS), San Jose, CA, 2004]. One way to produce SiOCH films of low
dielectric constant is to introduce pores into the film. This is usually obtained
in two steps. Firstly, co-deposition of a matrix precursor, with a sacrificial
organic porogen, either by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) or
spin-coating. Secondly, application of a specific thermal treatment to remove the
porogen and create the porosity. This last step can be improved by adding to the
thermal process a super-critical CO(2) treatment, an UV irradiation or an
electronic bombardment (e-beam). In this study, the two deposition processes as
well as the various treatments applied to eliminate the porogens were evaluated
and compared using high-resolution solid-state NMR. For this purpose, hybrid
(containing porogens) and porous films were extensively characterized on the
basis of their (1)H, (13)C and (29)Si high-resolution NMR spectra. Information
was obtained concerning the crosslinking of the Si skeleton. Spectral features
could be correlated to the processes used. Isotropic chemical shift analyses and
2D correlation NMR experiments were used to show the existence and nature of the
interactions between the matrix precursor and the organic porogen.
PMID: 19851550 [PubMed - in process]
19. Arch Pediatr. 2009 Nov;16(11):1443-52. Epub 2009 Sep 19.
[Palivizumab immunoprophylaxis: use in clinical practice, safety and beneficial
effects in France]
[Article in French]
Pinquier D, Gouyon JB, Fauroux B, Mons F, Vicaut E, Bendjenana H, Rouffiac E,
Marret S, Aujard Y.
Service de pédiatrie néonatale et réanimation, institut hospitalo-universitaire
de recherche biomédicale, EA 4309, CHU Charles-Nicolle, université de Rouen, 1
rue Germont, Rouen, France.
BACKGROUND: Infants treated have been followed for one year in order to assess
conditions of use of palivizumab, safety, tolerability, and its impact on
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalisation rate. PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Patients who received palivizumab during the epidemic season 2005-2006 were
eligible. Follow-up was carried out 12 months after initiation of prophylaxis.
RESULTS: Sixty-four neonatal level II and III centers, pulmonary and cardiology
units enrolled 1420 children. Mean follow-up was 10.9+/-0.2 months, mean
gestational age (GA) 30+/-4 weeks and mean age at the start of prophylaxis was 5
months. Median number of injections was 5 and mean time interval between 2
consecutive injections was 30+/-6 days. Treatment was prescribed in accordance
with the marketing authorisation indications (MA) for 84% of patients. For
preterm infants born before 35 SA and less than 6 months of age, 60% was born
before 33 SA and without BDP. The global readmission rate (for more than 24h) for
documented RSV infection during the period of protection by palivizumab was 2.7%
(37 in 1371) for all treated children: respectively 2% [IC(95%)=1.3-3.2], 2.7%
[IC(95%)=0.7-4.7] and 3.7% [IC(95%)=0.8-6.6] for preterm infants less than 6
months of age, preterm from 6 to 24 months of age and for children with
congenital cardiopathy. Palivizumab safety and tolerability were good.
CONCLUSION: Evaluation of palivizumab prophylaxis in clinical practice confirms
the clinical characteristics of treated infants, outlines their evolution and
confirms safety of treatment. MA were generally well observed and a registry
could be usefull to track the impact of the treatment out of MA.
PMID: 19767182 [PubMed - in process]
20. J Immunol. 2009 Nov 15;183(10):6207-16. Epub 2009 Oct 19.
Critical role of TLR2 and TLR4 in autoantibody production and glomerulonephritis
in lpr mutation-induced mouse lupus.
Lartigue A, Colliou N, Calbo S, François A, Jacquot S, Arnoult C, Tron F, Gilbert
D, Musette P.
INSERM, Unité 905, Rouen, France.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by
pathogenic autoantibodies directed against nuclear Ags and immune complex
deposits in damaged organs. Environmental factors have been thought to play a
role in the onset of the disease. The recognition of these factors is mediated by
TLRs, in particular TLR2 and TLR4 which bind pathogen-associated molecular
patterns of Gram(+) and Gram(-) bacteria, respectively. We attempted to determine
the role of these TLRs in SLE by creating TLR2- or TLR4-deficient
C57BL/6(lpr/lpr) mice. These mice developed a less severe disease and fewer
immunological alterations. Indeed, in C57BL/6(lpr/lpr)-TLR2 or -TLR4-deficient
mice, glomerular IgG deposits and mesangial cell proliferation were dramatically
decreased and antinuclear, anti-dsDNA, and anti-cardiolipin autoantibody titers
were significantly reduced. However, the response against nucleosome remained
unaffected, indicating a role of TLR2 and TLR4 in the production of Abs directed
against only certain categories of SLE-related autoantigens. Analysis of B cell
phenotype showed a significant reduction of marginal zone B cells, particularly
in C57BL/6(lpr/lpr)-TLR4-deficient mice, suggesting an important role of TLR4 in
the sustained activation of these cells likely involved in autoantibody
production. Interestingly, the lack of TLR4 also affected the production of
cytokines involved in the development of lupus disease.
PMID: 19841185 [PubMed - in process]
21. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2009 Nov;147(1):106-10. Epub 2009 Aug 25.
Mechanical evaluation of synthetic biomaterials used in the correction of pelvic
floor disorders--experimental study in rabbits.
Sergent F, Desilles N, Lacoume Y, Bunel C, Marie JP, Marpeau L.
Clinique Gynécologique et Obstétricale, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, 76031 Rouen Cedex,
France. Fabrice.Sergent@chu-rouen.fr
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biomechanical properties of the principal prosthetic
materials currently used in genital prolapse surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Based on an
animal model of incisional abdominal hernia, 40 adult rabbits were implanted.
Four 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm parietal defects, were created in the abdominal fascia and
muscles while respecting the peritoneum. For each rabbit, the defect was repaired
by four different large pore size prostheses which varied according to the
material used: two with monofilament of heavy (75 g/m(2)) or low (38 g/m(2))
weight polypropylene (PP), and two with multifilament of heavy (115 g/m(2)) or
low (59 g/m(2)) weight polyethylene-terephthalate (PET). Animals were sacrificed
in groups of 10 after 14, 30, 90 and 180 days to evaluate contraction, solidity
and elasticity of the prostheses. RESULTS: PP and PET retracted, independently of
their weight, in 81.25% and 20% respectively. Intensity of contraction was not
predictable but median value of retracted surface was 14% with PP, none with PET.
Contraction settled quickly after tissue integration and did not subsequently
occur. Heavyweight PET was considered the most solid material (70 N cm(-1)),
low-weight PP the most fragile (20 N cm(-1)). Heavy forms of PP or PET resisted
better to the rupture than the light forms which were sometimes insufficient to
resist the extreme values of the human abdominal pressure (16 N cm(-1)). PP was
more flexible than PET, but PET was the only form which was able to support
extreme values of the abdominal pressure and remain in the elastic range.
Duration of implantation did not modify solidity or elasticity of the prostheses.
CONCLUSION: In our abdominal rabbit model, as regards mechanical properties,
heavyweight PET seems to be the optimal biomaterial.
PMID: 19709796 [PubMed - in process]
22. Infect Immun. 2009 Nov;77(11):5163-9. Epub 2009 Aug 17.
Cryptosporidium parvum isolate-dependent postinfectious jejunal hypersensitivity
and mast cell accumulation in an immunocompetent rat model.
Khaldi S, Gargala G, Le Goff L, Parey S, Francois A, Fioramonti J, Ballet JJ,
Dupont JP, Ducrotté P, Favennec L.
Parasitology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, and Institute for Biomedical
Research, University of Rouen, Rouen, France.
Cryptosporidium spp. are a cause of self-limited diarrhea in immunocompetent
hosts. In immunocompetent rats, Cryptosporidium parvum infection induced
digestive hypersensitivity, a key pathophysiological factor in functional
digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In such a rat model,
we sought to document whether jejunal hypersensitivity depends on C. parvum
isolate and is associated with a mast cell accumulation. Five-day-old rats were
orally administered 10(5) oocysts of either Nouzilly (NoI) or Iowa (IoI) C.
parvum isolate. NoI-infected rats exhibited the lowest food intake on days 7 and
14 postinfection (p.i.). On day 7 p.i., small intestine villus atrophy, crypt
hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration were prominent in NoI-infected
rats, with higher numbers of Cryptosporidium forms than in IoI-infected rats.
Compared to uninfected control rats, jejunal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs)
were increased only in NoI-infected rats on day 14 p.i. On day 50 p.i., jejunal
hypersensitivity to distension was found only in NoI-infected rats; this
hypersensitivity is associated with activated mast cell accumulation. The number
of mast cells in the jejunal lamina propria was increased from day 36 p.i. in
NoI-infected rats and only at day 120 p.i. in IoI-infected rats. Our data suggest
that both the severity of infection (weight loss, reduced food intake, villus
atrophy, and IEL accumulation) and the onset of a jejunal hypersensitivity after
infection in association with an activated mast cell accumulation are isolate
dependent and related to NoI infection. This cryptosporidiosis rat model is a
relevant model for the study of underlying mechanisms of postinfectious IBS-like
symptoms.
PMCID: 2772558
PMID: 19687199 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
23. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2009 Nov;21(11):1170-e102. Epub 2009 May 21.
Irritable bowel syndrome is more frequent in patients hospitalized for ischaemic
colitis: results of a case-control study.
Hervé S, Beaugerie L, Bouhnik Y, Savoye G, Colombel JF, Dyard F,
Hourmand-Ollivier I, Dao T, Vial M, Lerebours E.
Département d'hépatogastroentérologie, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
sophie.herve@chu-rouen.fr
It has been suspected that there is an epidemiological link between irritable
bowel syndrome (IBS) and ischaemic colitis (IC). We performed a retrospective
case-control study to compare the frequency of IBS in patients hospitalized for
IC compared with that of patients with peptic ulcer bleeding. Cases were patients
with a first episode of IC and controls were patients with a first episode of
peptic ulcer bleeding, matched to cases for sex and 10-year age-class. Diagnosis
of IBS was based on medical information extracted from hospital medical files and
a standard self-questionnaire. The association between IBS and IC was tested
using Mc Nemar's paired odds ratio (OR); confidence interval at 95% (CI 95%) was
calculated; Mantel-Haenzel's Chi(2) was applied. A total of 113 cases and 113
matched controls were studied. There were 37 males and 76 females and the mean
age was 69 +/- 15 years in each group. The prevalence of IBS in cases was 16.9%vs
1.8% in controls. The risk of IBS was 11.05 times higher among cases than in
controls (P < 0.001); CI 95%: (2.45-49.74). A total of 87 pairs with complete
data were used for OR calculation. The risk of IBS was 7.5 times higher in cases
than in controls (P = 0.002); CI 95%: (1.72-32.80). This case-control study shows
that IBS is more frequent in IC patients than in controls.
PMID: 19460104 [PubMed - in process]
