1. South Med J. 2010 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print]
Cryptococcosis in Sarcoidosis.
Marie I, Cheriet S, Assie C, Etienne M, Favennec L.
Department of Internal Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Cedex, France
(Marie, Cheriet) Department of Infectious Diseases, Rouen University Hospital,
Rouen Cedex, France (Assie, Etienne) Laboratory of Mycology and Parasitology,
Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Cedex, France (Favennec).
PMID: 21037512 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
2. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2010 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print]
[Subconjunctival bevacizumab for corneal neovascularization.]
[Article in French]
Gueudry J, Richez F, Tougeron-Brousseau B, Genevois O, Muraine M.
Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen
cedex, France.
PURPOSE: To assess efficacy and safety of subconjunctival bevacizumab in corneal
neovascularization treatment. METHODS: The study was a prospective case series
that included patients treated with subconjunctival bevacizumab injections for
corneal neovascularization over a period of four months. A dose of 2.5mg (0.1mL)
of bevacizumab (25mg/mL) was injected into the subconjunctival area 1-2mm behind
the limbus near the corneal neovascularization. The main outcome measures were
visual acuity, corneal neovascularization, as well as local and general side
effects. RESULTS: Thirteen eyes of 12 patients were included. The mean patient
age was 44.2 years (range, 18-87 years). Patients received from two to four
bevacizumab injections. The mean corneal neovascularization area decreased from
41.1 to 33.7 % at day 45 (p=0.0003) and to 33.9 % at day 120 (p=0.0013). Median
visual acuity changed from 1.32 to 1.28 LogMAR on day 45 and to 1.25 LogMAR on
day 120. Subconjunctival bevacizumab was well tolerated without general side
effects. There was no significant change in intraocular pressure. An epithelial
defect was described in three patients after initiation of bevacizumab therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: Subconjunctival bevacizumab injections were effective and safe in
reducing corneal neovascularization within the first four months. Meanwhile,
improving vision may provide additional strategies.
PMID: 21035899 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
3. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Oct 3. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03859.x.
[Epub ahead of print]
Spectrum of autoantibodies other than anti-desmoglein in pemphigus patients.
Mejri K, Abida O, Kallel-Sellami M, Haddouk S, Laadhar L, Zarraa I, Ben Ayed M,
Zitouni M, Mokni M, Lahmar H, Fezaa B, Turki H, Tron F, Masmoudi H, Makni S.
Immunology Department, La Rabta Hospital, Tunis Immunology Department, Habib
Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax Dermatology Department, La Rabta Hospital, Tunis
Dermatology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis Dermatology Department,
Hédi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia NSERM U519, Institut Fédératif de Recherche
Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides (IFR23), Faculté Mixte de Médecine et de
Pharmacie, Rouen, France.
Background Pemphigus is a life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease
mediated by autoantibodies against adhesion molecule of the skin. Its concurrence
with systemic and organ-specific autoimmune disease was described in case
reports. Objectives To evaluate the presence of a broad spectrum of
organ-specific and non-organ-specific autoantibodies other than anti-desmoglein
antibodies in pemphigus patients. Patients and methods Serum samples were
obtained from 105 pemphigus foliaceus (PF) patients, 51 pemphigus vulgaris (PV)
patients and 50 controls. Both indirect immunofluorescence assay and ELISA were
used to assess the presence of autoantibodies related to connective tissue
diseases, autoimmune hepatitis, vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, coeliac
disease, diabetes and thyroiditis. Results Significant difference was observed
between the three groups for anti-thyroglobulin antibodies in the pemphigus
foliaceus group (18% vs. 4%, P = 0.03). A significantly higher occurrence of IgM
anti-cardiolipin (P = 0.03), IgG anti-reticulin (P = 0.01) and IgG anti-gliadin
antibodies (P = 0.008) were observed in the PV group. Cases with more than four
autoantibodies were frequently positives for both anti-desmoglein 1 and
anti-desmoglein 3. Conclusion Autoantibodies other than anti-desmoglein
antibodies are not rare in pemphigus patients. Clinical and serological follow-up
of pemphigus patients with positive autoantibodies are needed to clarify their
impact in disease evolution.
PMID: 21029209 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
4. Rev Med Interne. 2010 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
[The drug hypersensitivity syndrome: Evidence for viral reactivation instead of
allergy!]
[Article in French]
Joly P.
Inserm U905, université de Rouen, clinique dermatologique, CHRU de Rouen, 1, rue
de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
PMID: 20980081 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
5. J Exp Med. 2010 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
Extracellular NAD+ shapes the Foxp3+ regulatory T cell compartment through the
ART2-P2X7 pathway.
Hubert S, Rissiek B, Klages K, Huehn J, Sparwasser T, Haag F, Koch-Nolte F, Boyer
O, Seman M, Adriouch S.
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, U905, 2 University of
Rouen, and 3 Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Rouen, 76183 Rouen,
France.
CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (T reg cells) play a major role in the
control of immune responses but the factors controlling their homeostasis and
function remain poorly characterized. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))
released during cell damage or inflammation results in ART2.2-mediated
ADP-ribosylation of the cytolytic P2X7 receptor on T cells. We show that T reg
cells express the ART2.2 enzyme and high levels of P2X7 and that T reg cells can
be depleted by intravenous injection of NAD(+). Moreover, lower T reg cell
numbers are found in mice deficient for the NAD-hydrolase CD38 than in wild-type,
P2X7-deficient, or ART2-deficient mice, indicating a role for extracellular
NAD(+) in T reg cell homeostasis. Even routine cell preparation leads to release
of NAD(+) in sufficient quantities to profoundly affect T reg cell viability,
phenotype, and function. We demonstrate that T reg cells can be protected from
the deleterious effects of NAD(+) by an inhibitory ART2.2-specific single domain
antibody. Furthermore, selective depletion of T reg cells by systemic
administration of NAD(+) can be used to promote an antitumor response in several
mouse tumor models. Collectively, our data demonstrate that NAD(+) influences
survival, phenotype, and function of T reg cells and provide proof of principle
that acting on the ART2-P2X7 pathway represents a new strategy to manipulate T
reg cells in vivo.
PMID: 20975043 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
6. QJM. 2010 Oct 25. [Epub ahead of print]
Internal jugular vein thrombosis: outcome and risk factors.
Gbaguidi X, Janvresse A, Benichou J, Cailleux N, Levesque H, Marie I.
From the Department of Internal Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, 76031 Rouen
Cedex, France.
Introduction: The aims of this study were to analyse the characteristics of
patients with internal jugular venous thrombosis. We compared the characteristics
of patients with internal jugular venous thrombosis with those of patients
exhibiting upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT) without internal
jugular vein involvement. Patients: From 1998 to 2007, 1948 consecutive patients
were referred to our Department of Internal Medicine for deep venous thrombosis.
RESULTS: Sixty-four patients exhibited UEDVT. Internal jugular venous thrombosis
was diagnosed in 29 patients. Twenty-three patients had secondary thrombosis
mainly due to cancer, central venous catheter and ovarian hyperstimulation
syndrome; three of the four patients with bilateral DVT exhibited cancer. Six
patients had primary internal jugular vein thrombosis. Complications of internal
jugular vein thrombosis were pulmonary embolism (10.3%) and post-thrombotic
syndrome (41.4%). Under multivariate analysis, significant factors for internal
jugular vein thrombosis were older patients (P = 0.0008), female gender
(P = 0.0035) and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (P = 0.0093). CONCLUSION: Our
study underscores that the most common causes of internal jugular vein thrombosis
are cancer, central venous catheter and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; it
also underlines that bilateral internal jugular vein thrombosis is a significant
risk indicator of malignancy Thrombosis led to high morbidity related to
pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome, principally in patients with
secondary DVT. The knowledge of predictive factors of internal jugular vein
thrombosis seems to be of utmost importance to improve patients' management.
PMID: 20974769 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
7. Clin Nutr. 2010 Oct 22. [Epub ahead of print]
Detection of eating disorders in patients: Validity and reliability of the French
version of the SCOFF questionnaire.
Garcia FD, Grigioni S, Allais E, Houy-Durand E, Thibaut F, Déchelotte P.
Nutrition Unit and EA 4311, Biomedical Research Institute & IFR23, University
Hospital of Rouen, 76031 Rouen, Cedex, France.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although eating disorders prevalence is increasing, they are
often under diagnosed in cases of unspecific signs of malnutrition. Screening
scales may allow earlier diagnosis and nutritional intervention. This study aimed
to evaluate the validity of the French version (SCOFF-F) of the SCOFF
questionnaire for the detection of eating disorders among a female patient
population referred to a clinical nutrition unit. METHODS: After answering the 5
dichotomous questions of the paper version of SCOFF-F, patients were evaluated by
one eating disorders specialist blinded to questionnaire results, using the MINI
and Diagnosis and Statistical Manual for Mental diseases (DSM-IV) criteria as a
gold standard. RESULTS: Patients with anorexia nervosa (n = 67) and with bulimia
nervosa (n = 45) were assessed. Age-matched healthy female students (n = 114)
served as control group. At a cut-off of two positive responses, the sensibility,
specificity and the area under the curve of SCOFF-F were 94.6%, 94.7% and 97.9%
respectively. Cohen's kappa coefficient between SCOFF-F and MINI results was 89%.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study confirm the reliability of SCOFF-F as a
screening and diagnostic-facilitating test for eating disorders in a
French-speaking female patient population. SCOFF-F should help professionals in
clinical nutrition to achieve earlier diagnosis and care of eating disorder
patients.
PMID: 20971536 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
8. Rev Med Interne. 2010 Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print]
[Azathioprine-associated severe myelosuppression: Indication of routine
determination of thiopurine S-methyltransferase variant?]
[Article in French]
Ngo S, Sauvetre G, Vittecoq O, Lévesque H, Marie I.
Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen
cedex, France.
INTRODUCTION: Myelotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of azathioprine,
leading mainly to leukopenia. Other azathioprine associated hematological adverse
effects are uncommon. CASE REPORT: We report a 49-year-old woman with rheumatoid
arthritis and acquired hemophilia, who presented a severe myelosuppression
occurring 3 weeks after an increase of her azathioprine regimen (at a daily dose
of 150 mg). The patient had a heterozygous mutation of the thiopurine
S-methyltransferase gene (TPMT*3A). Azathioprine therapy was discontinued and she
recovered at 3weeks. The patient had no relapse of pancytopenia after a 1year
follow-up. CONCLUSION: Routine measurement of TPMT activity or determination of
TPMT variant allele may be useful tests, in order to identify the subgroup of
patients who are at risk to develop azathioprine induced severe myelosuppression.
PMID: 20970225 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
9. PLoS One. 2010 Oct 13;5(10):e13320.
Increased immune complexes of hypocretin autoantibodies in narcolepsy.
Deloumeau A, Bayard S, Coquerel Q, Déchelotte P, Bole-Feysot C, Carlander B,
Cochen De Cock V, Fetissov SO, Dauvilliers Y.
Digestive System and Nutrition Laboratory (ADEN EA 4311), Rouen Institute of
Medical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.
BACKGROUND: Hypocretin peptides participate in the regulation of sleep-wake cycle
while deficiency in hypocretin signaling and loss of hypocretin neurons are
causative for narcolepsy-cataplexy. However, the mechanism responsible for
alteration of the hypocretin system in narcolepsy-cataplexy and its relevance to
other central hypersomnias remain unknown. Here we studied whether central
hypersomnias can be associated with autoantibodies reacting with hypocretin-1
peptide present as immune complexes. METHODOLOGY: Serum levels of free and
dissociated (total) autoantibodies reacting with hypocretin-1 peptide were
measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed with regard to
clinical parameters in 82 subjects with narcolepsy-cataplexy, narcolepsy without
cataplexy or idiopathic hypersomnia and were compared to 25 healthy controls.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Serum levels of total but not free IgG autoantibodies against
hypocretin-1 were increased in narcolepsy-cataplexy. Increased levels of
complexed IgG autoantibodies against hypocretin-1 were found in all patients
groups with a further increase in narcolepsy-cataplexy. Levels of total IgM
hypocretin-1 autoantibodies were also elevated in all groups of patients.
Increased levels of anti-idiotypic IgM autoantibodies reacting with hypocretin-1
IgG autoantibodies affinity purified from sera of subjects with
narcolepsy-cataplexy were found in all three groups of patients. Disease duration
correlated negatively with serum levels of hypocretin-1 IgG and IgM
autoantibodies and with anti-idiotypic IgM autoantibodies. CONCLUSION: Central
hypersomnias and particularly narcolepsy-cataplexy are characterized by higher
serum levels of autoantibodies directed against hypocretin-1 which are present as
immune complexes most likely with anti-idiotypic autoantibodies suggesting their
relevance to the mechanism of sleep-wake cycle regulation.
PMCID: PMC2954157
PMID: 20967199 [PubMed - in process]
10. Rev Mal Respir. 2010 Oct;27(8):907-12. Epub 2010 May 20.
[Consequences of atmospheric pollution fluctuations in patients with COPD].
[Article in French]
Amiot N, Tillon J, Viacroze C, Aouine H, Muir JF.
UPRES EA 3830, IFR MP 23, unité de soins intensifs respiratoires, service de
pneumologie et soins intensifs, CHU de Rouen, institut hospitalo-universitaire de
recherche bio-médicale, université de Rouen, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
INTRODUCTION: Fluctuations in atmospheric pollution are responsible for an
important morbidity and mortality in the patients suffering from chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies show a
significant increase in the mortality and hospitalization rates in COPD patients
in relation to moderate increases in atmospheric pollution. In vitro and in vivo
studies demonstrate a pro-inflammatory role and an oxidative toxicity of
atmospheric particles and secondary morphological and functional changes in the
respiratory epithelium and the immune system. An excess of particulate matter,
ozone, NO(2), SO(2) and CO is directly correlated to the number of episodes of
acute respiratory failure in different countries all over the world. The
mechanisms implicated are complex and variable, dependent on the different
pollutant agents, climatic variations and inter-individual susceptibility.
VIEWPOINT: Further experimental studies are necessary in order to clarify our
fundamental understanding and, alongside better control of air quality, to reduce
short-term respiratory complications. CONCLUSION: The consequences of atmospheric
pollution fluctuations on the exacerbation rate and therefore on the morbidity
and mortality of patients with COPD emphasize the importance of preventive
environmental management in the field of public health.
PMID: 20965405 [PubMed - in process]
11. Prog Urol. 2010 Oct;20(9):616-26. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
[Treatment of the lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic
hyperplasia by phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Review article].
[Article in French]
Caremel R, Oger-Roussel S, Behr-Roussel D, Grise P, Giuliano F.
Service d'urologie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue de Germont, 76000 Rouen,
France. romaincaremel@orange.fr
CONTEXT: In aging males, there is an increased prevalence of lower urinary tract
symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and erectile
dysfunction (ED) whose affect significantly their quality of life. LUTS would
represent for ED an independent risk factor. Some treatment of LUTS have
undesirable effects on the erectile function. The phosphodiesterase type 5
inhibitors (IPDE 5) revolutionized the treatment of ED. Several recent clinical
studies evaluated the effect daily treatment by IPDE 5 on the LUTS secondary to
BPH among patients with or without ED. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we searched Medline
for the peer-reviewed articles in English published, pertaining to findings of
potential interest supporting a role of IPDE5 in LUTS due to BHP. The keywords
used were: benign prostatic hyperplasia; cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type
5; lower urinary tract symptoms; erectile dysfunction. RESULTS: Generally, daily
treatment with IPDE 5 improves the LUTS secondary to BPH as well as in both the
storage and voiding domains of the international prostate symptom score (IPPS)
and in quality of life questionnaire. It was not observed adverse events.
CONCLUSION: The first results of the use of IPDE 5 in the LUTS treatment
secondary to the HBP seem promising. However, a direct comparison of efficacy of
IPDE 5 and alpha-blockers or 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors is not yet available.
The mechanism(s) of action(s) of these compounds in this indication remain
difficult to affirm even if new hypotheses can be formulated.
PMID: 20951929 [PubMed - in process]
12. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2010 Oct 13. [Epub ahead of print]
[Buccal mucosal graft for the treatment of urethral stricture.]
[Article in French]
Elbaz J, Le Long E, Dugardin F, Sibert L, Peron JM.
Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, CHU Charles-Nicolle, 1, rue
de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
INTRODUCTION: The indication of the buccal mucosal graft for urethroplasty has
evolved over recent years. The ease of its harvesting, availability, and
immunohistological properties, as well as its satisfactory results, has made the
buccal mucosal graft the current procedure of choice. We report a case of use of
a buccal mucosal graft to treat an urethral stricture correction. CASE REPORT: A
48-year-old man underwent a buccal mucosal graft for post-infectious urethral
stricture correction. An inner right cheek graft of 50×30mm was harvested and
inserted into place after complete excision of the stricture. Postoperative
evolution was satisfactory with no pain at the 5th day, resumption of normal diet
at the 12th day, a significant improvement of peak flow rate at the 21st day.
Follow-up examination at the 7th week revealed a mouth opening to 40mm with
complete healing. DISCUSSION: Buccal mucosal graft has currently the highest
success rate compared to other surgical techniques as full thickness skin graft
from hair or graft of bladder mucosa. Its harvesting can be single or multiple,
however care must be taken as regards Stenon's duct and to the labial commissure.
The complications of the donor site are infrequent and can be characterized by
numbness and limited mouth opening. Tissues that contain immunohistological
properties, which are similar to those of the urothelium, buccal mucosal graft,
have become the gold standard for this type of correction.
PMID: 20950921 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
13. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Oct;31(5):634-46. Epub 2010 Oct 12.
Respiratory failure in the elderly patient.
Muir JF, Lamia B, Molano C, Cuvelier A.
Respiratory Diseases Department, UPRES EA 3830 (Groupe de Recherche sur le
Handicap Ventilatoire), Rouen University Hospital, Rouen CEDEX, France.
Jean-Francois.Muir@chu-rouen.fr
Respiratory failure frequently complicates the care of elderly patients with or
without chronic lung disease. Recent advances in techniques and applications of
noninvasive ventilation provide an exceedingly useful means of managing
respiratory compromise, and the clinical utilization of noninvasive mechanical
ventilation has transformed the prognosis of acute and chronic respiratory
failure in this age group. The majority of elderly patients can recover from an
acute respiratory failure episode if adequate support is provided, although some
may require long-term ventilatory assistance. Such assistance may be provided in
the home setting if an adequate support system is available. As the size of the
elderly population grows, an increased number of elderly patients with
multifactorial respiratory failure will undoubtedly require episodic or sustained
ventilatory assistance, and noninvasive ventilation can be provided for various
forms of acute and chronic respiratory failure, including advanced chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, other parenchymal lung disease, and chest wall
deformities. Health care organizations must incorporate long-term care facilities
with ventilatory support capabilities into their health management strategies.
PMID: 20941663 [PubMed - in process]
14. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Oct 13. [Epub ahead of print]
Autoantibodies reacting with vasopressin and oxytocin in relation to cortisol
secretion in mild and moderate depression.
Garcia FD, Coquerel Q, Kiive E, Déchelotte P, Harro J, Fetissov SO.
ADEN Laboratory (EA 4311), Institute of Medical Research and Innovation, IFR 23,
Rouen University & Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, 76183, France.
BACKGROUND: Abnormal vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) signaling may contribute
to the altered activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in major
depression; however, the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. This study
characterized plasma levels and affinities of OT- and VP-reactive autoantibodies
(autoAbs) in relation to disease severity and plasma cortisol response to
physical exercise in patients with mild and moderate depression and healthy
controls. METHODS: Physical exercise was used to elicit plasma cortisol response
in 23 male patients with depression and 20 healthy controls and plasma samples
were obtained before and after the exercise. Just before the exercise, patients
and controls were evaluated by the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale
(MADRS) and divided according to depression severity (14 mild and 9 moderate).
Plasma levels of total and free VP- and OT-reactive IgG, IgA and IgM autoAbs were
measured by ELISA and affinity of IgG and IgM autoAbs were measured by plasmon
resonance technique at baseline before the exercise and analyzed with relation to
the MADRS and cortisol response. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate
autoAbs binding to the rat hypothalamus. RESULTS: Plasma levels of OT- and
VP-reactive total IgG autoAbs were lower in patients with moderate depression vs.
controls and patients with mild depression. Plasma levels of both OT- and VP-free
IgG autoAbs were negatively correlated with MADRS scores. Affinity values of IgG
and IgM autoAbs for both OT and VP displayed 100 fold variability among patients
or controls but no significant group differences were found. Patients with
moderate depression displayed blunted response of cortisol secretion to physical
exercise. Baseline levels of VP total IgG and IgM autoAbs correlated negatively
and VP-free IgG autoAbs correlated positively with plasma cortisol after physical
exercise. Immunostaining of magnocellular hypothalamic neurons of the supraoptic
and paraventricular nuclei by plasma IgG was present in 35% of the depression and
in 14% of the controls groups, but this staining was not abolished by plasma
preabsorption with OT or VP peptides. CONCLUSION: These data show that changes of
levels but not affinity of OT- and VP-reactive autoAbs can be associated with the
altered mood in subjects with moderate depression and that levels of VP-reactive
autoAbs are associated with cortisol secretion.
PMID: 20932870 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
15. J Pediatr. 2010 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Influence of Gestational Age on Fibrinolysis from Birth to Postnatal Day 10.
Sentilhes L, Leroux P, Radi S, Ricbourg-Schneider A, Laudenbach V, Marpeau L,
Bénichou J, Vasse M, Marret S.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rouen Institute for Medical Research and
Innovation, Rouen, France; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rouen
University Hospital, 76031 Rouen Cedex, France.
OBJECTIVE: To compare components of the fibrinolytic cascade in newborns of
gestational age ranging from extreme prematurity to full term, at birth and for
the next 10 days, and in their mothers at delivery. STUDY DESIGN: We studied 10
extremely preterm neonates, 10 very preterm neonates, 10 moderately preterm
neonates, 10 full-term neonates, and their mothers (n = 40). We measured the
antigen levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator
inhibitors 1 (PAI-1) and 2 (PAI-2), and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis
inhibitor, as well as PAI-1 activity, in neonates at birth and on postnatal days
3 and 10 and in mothers at delivery. RESULTS: On day 10, both PAI-1 antigen and
activity were higher in extremely preterm neonates than in full-term neonates (P
= .004 and <.0006, respectively), and the t-PA/PAI-1 activity ratio was lower in
the extremely preterm and very preterm neonates compared with the full-term
neonates (P = .002 and .017, respectively). No significant differences in the
fibrinolytic system components were seen among the 4 groups of mothers.
CONCLUSIONS: The development of fibrinolysis suppression in extremely preterm
infants within 10 days after birth may contribute to the increased risk of
periventricular hemorrhagic infarction in these infants.
PMID: 20889163 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
16. Presse Med. 2010 Oct;39(10):1066-70.
[Pemphigus].
[Article in French]
Lapeyre-Liénard H, Joly P.
Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, clinique dermatologique, Inserm U 905, centre de
référence maladies bulleuses autoimmunes, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
Pemphigus is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder involving the skin and
mucosae. Three types of pemphigus have been described, including pemphigus
vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus and paraneoplastic pemphigus. Diagnosis of the type
of pemphigus is made by the combination of clinical features, histological and
direct immunofluorescence findings, and serum analysis by indirect
immunofluorescence, immunoblot analysis and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay
(Elisa). Most patients are treated with oral corticosteroids, sometimes
associated with immunosuppressants. Patients with treatment failure or with
contraindications to systemic corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants may be
treated with intravenous immunoglobulins or rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal
antibody.
PMID: 20817387 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
17. J Nutr. 2010 Oct;140(10):1714-21. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
An α-linolenic acid-rich formula reduces oxidative stress and inflammation by
regulating NF-κB in rats with TNBS-induced colitis.
Hassan A, Ibrahim A, Mbodji K, Coëffier M, Ziegler F, Bounoure F, Chardigny JM,
Skiba M, Savoye G, Déchelotte P, Marion-Letellier R.
Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition, Medicine University, I.F.R. 23,
Institute of biomedical research, 22, 76183 Rouen cedex, France.
We have previously shown that α-linolenic acid (ALA), a (n-3) PUFA exerts in
vitro antiinflammatory effects in the intestine. In this study, we aimed to
evaluate its effect on inflammatory and oxidative stress in a colitis model.
Colitis was induced in 2 groups at d 0 by intrarectal injection of
2-4-6-trinitrobenzen sulfonic acid (TNBS), whereas the control group received the
vehicle. Rats we fed 450 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1) of ALA (TNBS+ALA) while the other
colitic group (TNBS) and the control group were fed an isocaloric corn oil
formula for 14 d (from d -7 to d 7). RBC fatty acid composition was assessed.
Oxidative stress was studied by measuring urinary 8-isoprostanes (8-IP) and colon
glutathione (GSH) concentration and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
expression. Colitis was assessed histologically, by production of proinflammatory
mediators, including cytokines, leukotrienes B(4) (LTB(4)), and cyclooxygenase-2
(COX-2) and by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. The ALA-rich diet
significantly increased the RBC levels of ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid, and
docosapentaenoic acid (n-3) compared with the TNBS group (P < 0.01 for all). The
beneficial effect of ALA supplementation on oxidative stress was reflected by
lower urinary 8-IP levels (P < 0.05), a normalized colon GSH concentration (P <
0.01), and reduced colon iNOS expression (P < 0.05) compared with the TNBS group.
ALA also protected against colon inflammation as assessed by lower tumor necrosis
factor-α secretion and mRNA level (P < 0.05), reduced NF-κB activation (P =
0.01), and lower colon lipid mediator concentrations such as LTB(4) and COX-2 (P
< 0.05) compared with the TNBS group. These findings show that an ALA-rich
formula is beneficial to TNBS-induced colitic rats via inhibition of oxidative
and inflammatory stress.
PMID: 20724486 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
18. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2010 Oct;33(8):577-85. Epub 2010 Aug 17.
[Cicatricial conjunctivitis].
[Article in French]
Gueudry J, Vera L, Muraine M.
Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de
Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France. julie.gueudry@chu-rouen.fr
Cicatricial conjunctivitis is chronic conjunctivitis with conjunctival fibrosis
and may lead to alterations of conjunctival architecture, which are potentially
sight-threatening. The patient's medical history, physical exam, and laboratory
tests often provide the diagnosis of the underlying disease. Causes of
conjunctival cicatrization are autoimmune diseases such as ocular cicatricial
pemphigoid, thermal and chemical burns, postinfectious conjunctivitis,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, etc. Medical management varies according to specific
causes and may lead to severe side effects. Furthermore, strategies may be
necessary to restore corneal transparency and normal palpebral architecture.
PMID: 20724027 [PubMed - in process]
19. Arch Pediatr. 2010 Oct;17(10):1433-9. Epub 2010 Aug 16.
[Evaluation of language at 6 years in children born prematurely without cerebral
palsy: prospective study of 55 children].
[Article in French]
Charollais A, Stumpf MH, Beaugrand D, Lemarchand M, Radi S, Pasquet F, Khomsi A,
Marret S.
Service de pédiatrie néonatale et réanimation, centre d'éducation fonctionnelle
de l'enfant, centre de référence pour troubles des apprentissages, hôpital
universitaire de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76000 Rouen, France.
aude.charollais@chu-rouen.fr
OBJECTIVES: Very premature birth carries a high risk of neurocognitive
disabilities and learning disorders. Acquiring sufficient speech skills is
crucial to good school performance. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in
2006 to evaluate speech development in 55 children born very prematurely in 2000
at the Rouen Teaching Hospital (Rouen, France), free of cerebral palsy, compared
to 6-year-old born at full term. A computerized speech assessment tool was used
(Bilan Informatisé du Langage Oral, BILO II). RESULTS: In the premature-birth
group, 49 % of 6-year-old had at least 1 score below the 25th percentile on 1 of
the 8 BILO II tests. Significant speech impairments were noted for 2 components
of speech, namely, comprehension and phonology. Oral comprehension scores no
higher than the 10th percentile were obtained by 23 % of prematurely born
children (P<0.02 vs controls). On word repetition tasks used to test phonology,
21 % of prematurely born children obtained scores no higher than the 10th
percentile (P<0.01 vs controls). An evaluation of sensorimotor language
prerequisites (constraints) in 30 of the 55 prematurely born children showed
significant differences with the controls for word memory, visual attention, and
buccofacial praxis. CONCLUSION: The speech development impairments found in
6-year-old born very prematurely suggest a distinctive pattern of
neurodevelopmental dysfunction that is consistent with the motor theory of speech
perception.
PMID: 20719486 [PubMed - in process]
20. Eur Urol. 2010 Oct;58(4):616-25. Epub 2010 Aug 2.
Nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate signalling mediates an inhibitory
action on sensory pathways of the micturition reflex in the rat.
Caremel R, Oger-Roussel S, Behr-Roussel D, Grise P, Giuliano FA.
Charles Nicolle Hospital, Department of Urology, Rouen, France.
BACKGROUND: Overactive bladder can be associated with a hyperexcitability of
bladder afferent C-fibres. Several studies have suggested that nitric oxide (NO)
or its downstream signalling could modulate the micturition reflex (MR) by
reducing the excitability of bladder afferents. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role
of the NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling pathway on the MR in a
model of bladder hyperactivity (BHA) associated with C-fibre activation in the
rat. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Adult female Sprague Dawley rats were
used. MEASUREMENTS: Cystometry was performed in anaesthetised rats. The effects
of 0.1 mg/kg of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor; 10 mg/kg of 8Br-cGMP, a
cGMP analogue; 3 mg/kg of sildenafil and 1 mg/kg of vardenafil, two
phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-I); 10 mg/ml of L-N(G)-nitroarginine
methyl ester (L-NAME), an NO synthase inhibitor; and 1 mg/kg of LY-83583, a
guanylate cyclase inhibitor, were investigated on BHA during intravesical
capsaicin (30 micromol/l) instillation. All drugs were delivered intravenously
except for L-NAME, which was intravesically administered. RESULTS AND
LIMITATIONS: SNP, 8Br-cGMP, and PDE5-I increased the intercontraction interval
(ICI), while SNP and PDE5-I increased the micturition pressure threshold (MPT).
L-NAME and LY-83583 decreased MPT, and L-NAME decreased ICI. 8Br-cGMP decreased
the maximum intravesical pressure (MP), contrary to L-NAME and LY-83583. SNP and
PDE5-I had no effect on MP. SNP increased the voided volume (VV). PDE5-I and
8Br-cGMP also increased VV, although not significantly. In contrast, L-NAME
tended to decrease VV. Although 8Br-cGMP decreased the baseline intravesical
pressure, LY-83583 increased it. Neither SNP nor PDE5-I nor L-NAME had any effect
on baseline pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Compounds activating the NO/cGMP pathway
inhibited BHA, whereas compounds inhibiting the NO/cGMP pathway increased it.
These results indicate that the NO/cGMP signalling pathway is involved in the
regulation of the MR, with an action that seems more predominant on the sensory
rather on the motor component of the MR in a rat model of BHA associated with
C-fibre afferent activation.
PMID: 20708839 [PubMed - in process]
21. Cancer Gene Ther. 2010 Oct;17(10):700-7. Epub 2010 Jun 18.
The soluble fragment of VE-cadherin inhibits angiogenesis by reducing endothelial
cell proliferation and tube capillary formation.
Li H, Shi X, Liu J, Hu C, Zhang X, Liu H, Jin J, Opolon P, Vannier JP,
Perricaudet M, Janin A, Soria C, Lu H.
MERCI EA 3829, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Rouen, Rouen,
France.
Vascular endothelial-specific cadherin (VE-cadherin) is an endothelial
cell-specific adhesion molecule, localized at cell-cell contact sites. It is
involved in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. In this study, we showed
that in vitro a soluble N-terminal fragment of VE-cadherin (EC1-3) corresponding
to cadherin 1-3 ectodomains inhibited vascular endothelial growth
factor-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation and capillary tube structure
formation in the matrigel model. In vivo, EC1-3 was tested in a murine colon
cancer model. EC1-3-expressing colon cancer C51 cells were subcutaneously grafted
into nude mice, and tumor growth and angiogenesis were evaluated. At day 33, the
mean volume of the tumors developed was reduced (510±104 versus 990±120 mm(3) for
control). Similarly, injection of EC1-3 virus-producing cells into established
C51 tumors resulted in an inhibition by 33% of tumor growth. Immunohistological
staining of vessels on tumor sections showed a significantly reduced intratumoral
angiogenesis. Furthermore, EC1-3 did not induce vessel injury in the lung, liver,
spleen, heart and brain in the mice. These results suggest that the soluble
N-terminal fragment of VE-cadherin EC1-3 could exert an antitumoral effect by
targeting tumor angiogenesis, which included blocking endothelial cell
proliferation and capillary tube formation with no obvious toxicity on normal
organs.
PMID: 20559333 [PubMed - in process]
22. Rev Med Interne. 2010 Oct;31(10):e4-5.
[Hypothyroidism as the result of drug interaction between ferrous sulfate and
levothyroxine]
[Article in French]
Fiaux E, Kadri K, Levasseur C, Le Guillou C, Chassagne P.
Service de médecine interne gériatrique, CHU de Rouen, 76031 Rouen cedex, France.
We report a case of drug-drug interaction between ferrous sulfate and l-thyroxin.
A 95-year-old woman treated successfully with l-thyroxin for many years received
ferrous sulfate for anemia. This association led rapidly to recurrence of
hypothyroidism with elevated serum than TSH level which completely resolved after
withdrawal of iron therapy. Interaction was confirmed after both drugs were daily
administrated separately without recurrence of hypothyroidism.
PMID: 20554088 [PubMed - in process]
23. Glia. 2010 Oct;58(13):1570-80.
Comparative gene expression profiling of olfactory ensheathing cells from
olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa.
Guérout N, Derambure C, Drouot L, Bon-Mardion N, Duclos C, Boyer O, Marie JP.
Experimental Surgery Laboratory, European Institute for Peptide Research (IFRMP
23), University of Rouen, 22 boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France.
nicolas_guerout_76@hotmail.com
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) have the ability to promote regeneration in the
nervous system. Hence, they hold promise for cell therapy. Most of the
experimental studies have investigated the role of OECs taken from olfactory bulb
(OB). However, for a clinical human application, olfactory mucosa (OM) seems to
be the only acceptable source for OECs. Many studies have compared the distinct
ability of OECs from OB and OM to improve functional nerve regeneration after
lesion of the nervous system. Nevertheless, the two populations of OECs may
differ in several points, which might affect all fate after transplantation in
vivo. We report here the first study which compares gene expression profiling
between these two populations of OECs. It appears that OB-OECs and OM-OECs
display distinct gene expression pattern, which suggest that they may be
implicated in different physiological processes. Notably, OM-OECs overexpress
genes characteristic of wound healing and regulation of extra cellular matrix. In
contrast, OB-OECs gene profile suggests a prominent role in nervous system
development. Hence, OB-OECs and OM-OECs fundamentally differ in their gene
expression pattern, which may represent a crucial point for future clinical
application.
PMID: 20549746 [PubMed - in process]
24. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Oct;11(7):888-93.
Validation of the French version of SCOFF questionnaire for screening of eating
disorders among adults.
Garcia FD, Grigioni S, Chelali S, Meyrignac G, Thibaut F, Dechelotte P.
Nutrition and EA4311, Biomedical Research Institute, and Rouen University
Hospital, Rouen, France. frederico.garcia@chu-rouen.fr
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to translate and validate a French version
of the English SCOFF questionnaire for the screening of eating disorders (ED) in
a student population. METHODS: The translation and back-translation method were
employed for adaptation of the French version of SCOFF (SCOFF-F). SCOFF-F paper
questionnaire was given to female students attending yearly evaluation in the
University Preventive Medicine Department. After completing the SCOFF-F, each
student was evaluated by one ED specialist blinded to SCOFF-F results. The
validated French version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
and DSM-IV criteria for ED were employed as diagnostic references. RESULTS: A
total of 400 women were evaluated. ED were diagnosed in 37 (9.3%) of students:
eight (2%) cases of anorexia nervosa (AN) and 29 (7.3%) of bulimia nervosa (BN).
Diagnostic threshold was fixed at two positive answers with a sensitivity of
94.6%, a specificity of 94.8% and an area under the curve of 96.2%. Positive and
negative predictive values for ED were 65 and 99%. Similar figures were obtained
separately for AN and BN. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the French
version of SCOFF questionnaire is accurate and reliable for the detection of
women with EDs in this high-risk student population.
PMID: 20509759 [PubMed - in process]
25. Pediatr Radiol. 2010 Oct;40(10):1706-9. Epub 2010 Apr 17.
Prenatal diagnosis of a nasal glioma.
Grzegorczyk V, Brasseur-Daudruy M, Labadie G, Cellier C, Verspyck E.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen,
France.
Nasal glioma is a rare congenital midline malformation composed of heterotopic
masses of neuroglial tissue. We report a case of fetal nasal glioma diagnosed by
sonography at 22 weeks' gestation as a vascular hypoechoic mass located on the
left nasal bone. Fetal MRI excluded an underlying bone defect. At birth, the
lesion appeared as a reddish mass. Post natal imaging confirmed the
vascularisation within the lesion with an arterial low-flow velocity and a
high-resistance spectrum, consistent with a glioma. The child underwent surgery
at 5 months and final diagnosis was made on pathological examination. Therefore,
a vascular lesion and a clinical aspect mimicking a haemangioma should not be
considered sufficient to reach the final diagnosis.
PMID: 20401478 [PubMed - in process]
26. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010 Oct;38(4):394-9. Epub 2010 Mar 24.
Aortic valve replacement after percutaneous valvuloplasty--an approach in
otherwise inoperable patients.
Doguet F, Godin M, Lebreton G, Eltchaninoff H, Cribier A, Bessou JP, Litzler PY.
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Rouen University Hospital and
University of Rouen, 1 rue de Germont, Rouen, France. fabien.doguet@chu-rouen.fr
Comment in:
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010 Oct;38(4):391-3.
OBJECTIVES: Cardiac surgery can relieve symptoms and improve the prognosis of
patients with aortic stenosis. However, surgery-related morbidity and mortality
are high when severe cardiac or extracardiac factors co-exist. We report the
outcome of percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) as a bridge to aortic
valve replacement (AVR) in temporarily inoperable patients in our institution.
METHODS: All patients who, between January 2002 and December 2006, underwent a
bridging percutaneous BAV and had an AVR performed 8-14 weeks later, were
included in the study. Clinical and investigational data were collected
retrospectively from the patients' files. Follow-up was performed by telephonic
interview. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were included in the analysis (median
age 71.9 years). Operative risk decreased from 18.6% before BAV to less than 13%
before AVR, according to the logistical European System for Cardiac Operative
Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE). Median ejection fraction (EF) was 40% before
dilation compared with 44% after BAV. The necessity for BAV included acute
pulmonary oedema (8%), cardiac failure (64%), cardiogenic shock (16%), syncope
(8%) and EF<10% (4%). Complications included low output (28%), renal failure
(20%), septic shock (4%) and cerebrovascular accident (8%). One postoperative
hospital death was observed. The median length of stay in the intensive care unit
(ICU) was 44 days, and the median total hospital stay was 10 days. CONCLUSIONS:
BAV used as a bridging procedure to improve cardiovascular function prior to AVR
is an interesting therapeutic approach in patients with aortic stenosis and
haemodynamic failure. The postoperative course after AVR was also improved in our
patients.
PMID: 20338774 [PubMed - in process]
27. Pathol Biol (Paris). 2010 Oct;58(5):331-42. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
[Genetics of mental retardation]
[Article in French]
Goldenberg A, Saugier-Veber P.
Service de Génétique, CHU de Rouen, 1 rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France.
Mental retardation affects nearly 3 % of the population. The causes of these
disorders are various and are often not identified. Recent advances focused on
the molecular basis of mental retardation. Nearly half of mental retardation
syndromes have a genetic origin and the description of molecular, cytogenetic and
metabolic alterations in these disorders led to the development of diagnostic
tools. Indeed, identifying the precise origin of the mental retardation allows to
improve patient care and to refine the prognosis. Moreover, these molecular tools
will help the geneticist to evaluate the recurrence risk in the family in the
genetic counseling step. On a fundamental point of view, the knowledge of
molecular basis of mental retardation will help to understand the biological
pathway which constitutes the first step before therapeutic strategies. Every
patient with mental retardation should be investigated for causal origin of the
disease. We will detail the diagnostic methods necessary to investigate a patient
presenting with mental retardation. Then different examples of syndromes
including a mental retardation will be chosen to illustrate different clinical
situations.
PMID: 19942372 [PubMed - in process]
